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message file JPG 标题:阻止TikTok数据中心租赁可能缺乏法律依据
芬兰经济部长Wille Rydman希望重新考虑将正在建设中的Kouvola数据中心租赁给短视频服务TikTok的决定。
根据接受芬兰广播公司Yle采访的法律专家,芬兰政府很难找到干预这一租赁决定的合法理由。欧盟法律允许成员国基于某些理由限制企业投资,对于TikTok的数据中心,可能的依据涉及公共安全或公共秩序。
图尔库大学国际法研究员Toni Selkälä表示,国家安全在法律上是一个强有力的论据,但在本案中是否站得住脚还值得商榷。Selkälä认为,根据公开信息,国家权力对Kouvola数据中心的运行进行干预的理由并不多。但是,如果当局有关于TikTok数据中心对公共安全构成风险的具体信息,那么阻止TikTok的计划是有可能的。
TikTok的安全担忧主要集中在该公司与中国的关系上,这可能导致用户数据落入中国之手。许多西方国家的安全机构警告称,TikTok用户的数据可能泄露给中国安全机构,芬兰保护警察也发出了类似警告。今年5月初,欧盟因未经授权将欧洲用户数据传输到中国而对TikTok处以5.3亿欧元的罚款。
然而,从另一个角度看,禁止数据中心似乎有些荒谬,因为TikTok正在根据欧盟的要求在欧洲建立数据中心。东芬兰大学公法教授Tomi Voutilainen指出,如果数据中心附近有战略要地,可能存在干预的国家安全理由。但30多年前关闭的Korian后备部队显然不符合这些标准。
Rydman认为,应该重新评估TikTok的数据中心问题。TikTok已经在欧盟地区广泛运营,其总部位于爱尔兰,那里也是其首个欧洲数据中心所在地。从服务自由流动和投资自由的角度来看,干预一个已经在欧盟地区建立的企业的运营可能更难合理化。
图尔库大学商法教授Tuomas Mylly指出,必须具体证明如何通过禁止服务中心的建立来有效应对安全风险。行动必须显著促进这一目标,而仅仅处理边际风险的措施在欧盟法律下是站不住脚的。干预措施还必须符合比例原则,即措施的规模应与预期的结果相称。
1 658
22 pv
message file JPG Explosive greetings to Russkies, Moscow victory day parade!

Type of Explosive: "Traditional" implies something like TNT, RDX, or Composition B. The energy released is significant but pales in comparison to nuclear devices.
Altitude (Height of Burst - HOB): 3 kilometers is very high for a conventional weapon intended to cause ground damage. Blast waves from conventional explosives lose energy rapidly with distance.
"Damage": This can range from shattered windows to structural collapse.

Effects on the Ground:

Blast Overpressure:
At 3 km, the overpressure from a 300 kg conventional warhead reaching the ground would be very low.
It would likely be below the threshold for significant structural damage to buildings. Even shattering windows from overpressure alone would be unlikely for most robust windows, though some more fragile ones might break, or windows might rattle significantly.
For comparison, to maximize ground damage (e.g., against unreinforced buildings), conventional bombs are typically detonated much lower, often in the range of tens to a few hundreds of meters, or on impact.

Fragmentation:
The warhead casing would fragment into many pieces.
These fragments would be propelled outwards at high velocity. However, over a 3 km journey through the atmosphere, air resistance would significantly slow them down.
Smaller fragments would lose most of their kinetic energy and might not even reach the ground with any significant force.
Larger fragments could still reach the ground and potentially cause localized damage (e.g., dent a car, break a roof tile, or cause injury if they directly hit someone). However, the dispersal over a wide area from that altitude would mean the density of falling fragments would be low. It would not be a concentrated barrage causing widespread destruction.

Audible and Visual Effects ("For Show"):
Loud Boom: Yes, a very loud explosion would be heard over a wide area on the ground. This sound wave itself could rattle windows and might cause some very minor, superficial damage (like dislodging loose items), and certainly alarm people.
Bright Flash: A very bright flash of light would be visible for many miles, especially at night. This would be the most prominent "show" aspect.
Smoke Cloud: A smoke cloud would form and gradually disperse.
6 1,2t
27 pv

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